Katie and Cody

 October 11, 2013

The Circulatory System notes

Heart Disease 

Question 1          What can happen to the circulatory system? 

Blood can stop pumping to your muscles

Oxygen and glucose will not get to the cells through the blood

Cells will die and you will die

Without the circulatory system the body can’t fight disease

Can come in child hood

If blood stops flowing the brain will not live and it could get brain damaged

The lungs get the bad blood away from the heart then then take out the carbon dioxide then return oxygenated blood to the heart to circulate through the body

 

Question 2          What organs are affected?

1.        the heart is affected

-The heart pumps blood through the body

2.        the lungs (pulmonary)

-The lungs bring oxygen into the body then it circulates through the body back to the heart arteries, veins, and portal vessels (systemic)

3.     The brain

                -The brain tells the heart to pump and at what speed

                If exercising it knows to speed up, of sleeping it knows to slow down

  

Question 3          What are the causes or diseases?

        1.        Valvular Stenosis

                When the valves narrow and blood can’t get through

                Can be caused by Pneumatic fever

 

2.        Heart disease

               

3.        Arteriosclerosis

                Buildup of fat or cholesterol

                Common in circulatory system

                Causes stiffening and narrowing of the arteries

 

4.        Hypertension

 

                Blood pushes against artery walls

   Causes high blood pressure

                This causes the heart to pump faster giving it more risk

                This leads to heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure

 

5.        High blood pressure

6.        Diabetes

7. Smoking

8. Too much caffeine or alcohol

9. Drugs

10. Stress

11. Congenital heart defects

12. Could be born with

13. Could be because of Down syndrome

14. Could be because mom did drugs while pregnant

15. Coronary artery disease

16. Blood vessel disease

 

Question 4          Are there any treatments for the disease

There is no cure for heart disease

See your doctor regularly

 

1.        Lifestyle changes

 

Eat healthy (low sodium, low fat)

Quit smoking

Limit alcohol

Exercise more

Laugh

 

2.        Medications

 

We will talk about later

 

3.        Surgery

 

             1.        Coronary angioplasty

a.        The doctor puts a catheter into the artery to insert a small balloon to unblock arteries and reopen them

b .      Then a stint is places in to keep the artery open

      2.        Coronary artery bypass

a.        Use a vein from the leg to bypass the blocked   section of the artery

       3.        Vegal Maneuvers

a.        Dunk face in cold water

b .      Hold breath or cough

      4.        Cardio version

a.        Electric shock to reset the rhythm of the heart

     5.        Pacemaker

a.        Put pacemaker in beside the heart and it will use electrical impulses to slow down or speed up the heart

 

 The EKG (electrocardiogram)

                Is a machine used to evaluate circulatory system

                It tells doctors how fast the heart beats and the rhythm

Stethoscope

                Is used to measure how fast the heart beats and the rhythm

Sphygmomanometer

                Is a cuff that a doctor uses to check the blood pressure

  

Question 5          Are there any medications

  

Blood pressure pills

Blood thinners

Cholesterol pills

Clots from getting bigger

Delterpain

Enoxaparin

Heparin

Tanzipan

Warfarin

Must take all medication correctly to work

Medications prevent clots

Keeps

 Question 6          Are there any cures for heart disease

 

There is no cure

Take medication

Exercise

Eat healthy

 

We can raise money for:

Scientists

Supplies to search for a cure

Equipment

 

 

Question 7 what can we do to prevent the disease        

 

We can raise money for:

Scientists

Supplies to search for a cure

Equipment

 

Fun Facts

 

12 million people die because of heart disease each year in the world

Women die more often than men from heart disease

Heart beats almost 100,000 times in a day

If your heart goes out of rhythm you will die

About 2,000 gallons of blood travel through 60,000 miles of vessels per day

The average person has 5-6 quarts of blood in their body

The American Heart Association says that heart disease is the leading of death in the USA

Cardiologist are doctors that specialize in the heart, arteries and veins

 

 Sources:

 

 

www.livescience.com

www.healthscience.com

www.medtv.com

www.heart.org

www.newhealthguide.com

www.wikianswers.com

http://biology.about.com

www.healthcentral.com

www.webmd.com

 

The Brain

Brain tumors

By Kaydn and Keeshan

What do brain tumors look and feel like?

* Brain tumors grow to feel like ping-pong balls

 *Round and hard

*They feel like a bone in your body but its growing tissue

            Look Like                                                      Feel Like

	* They look like growing tissue *They look like balls coming out of the brain *They look like a bubbly substance

     

 

 

Where can tumors affect you?                                                                                                   

Brain tumors don’t just affect the brain                              

*They can affect the whole body

*Arms, legs, chest, thighs and much more places

*Brain tumors can be outside of the brain or inside

How many people do brain tumors affect?

* 612,000 people in the U.S.A. have brain tumors
 
* Some of the brain tumors are rare, some very rare

* Brain tumors can affect males and females

What do brain tumors do?

 
* brain tumors can cause cancer in your brain

* brain tumors can also damage brain cells

* brain tumors cause problems when they exert pressure

More research....

Alzheimer’s Disease

What can happen to your system?

Alzheimer’s disease affects your Nervous System. It affects your brain though too. In your brain it affects your memory, thinking, behaviour. When you have Alzheimer’s disease, your brain cells die every day. Some common symptoms are loss of memory, misplacing things, less interest in hobbies and interests, difficulty with shopping, behaviour, mood, and depression. Alzheimer’s disease is also a common cause of dementia

Medications

Two approved drugs are cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine.

Cholinesterase inhibitors: memory, confusion, thinking, agreeing.

Diet

If you get Alzheimer’s you could eat vegetables, fruit, fish, and limit fast food and unhealthy snacks.

 What organs can happen to your system if you get Alzheimer’s

 The Brain is the most powerful organ in the whole body. It weighs 3 pounds and has 3 main parts.

The 3 main parts are:

Cerebrum: It fills up most of your skull. It is involved in remembering, problem solving, thinking, and feeling.

Cerebellum:  The cerebellum is at the back of your head, it controls and coordination and balance.

Brain Stem: Sits under your cerebrum, in front of your cerebellum. It connects with the brain, spinal cord, and controls functions like, breathing, digestion, and heart rate. 

Can people die from Alzheimer ’s disease?
Yes people can die for Alzheimer’s disease.

Why do people die from Alzheimer’s disease?

People can die from Alzheimer’s disease because this is not just a memory disease. This is also a complex disease. You can die from Alzheimer’s because it also affects your Higher Brain Functions and Learning. 

 

What happens when you have Alzheimer’s when you sleep

It is common that people with Alzheimer’s fall asleep during the day, but can’t fall asleep at night. It’s called “sun downing.” 

Who is it common to?
It is common to elders. It is not at all common to kids. It may happen when you are about 20 to 40 but it is mainly common to the elders.

FUN FACTS
It’s the common to the human nervous system. The Nervous System is more complicated than the most advanced computer. Did you know that Alzheimer’s warning sign is a finger with a bow on it so it looks like this.

The 7 stages of Alzheimer’s disease
The 7 stages if you Alzheimer’s are:

Stage 1: You are functioning normally, and there are no problems.
Stage 2: You are starting to lose an item, and it is a tiny harder to do tasks.
Stage 3: It is now hard remembering names, and also hard organising.
Stage 4:  You start to now forget things and forget events.
Stage 5: You can now not recognise your address, phone number(s). And also there is an education loss.
Stage 6: There is a bigger loss of memory. You may not remember your name, language, and you become lost.
Stage 7: You become very lost, and can barely remember anything.

What are the causes or disease of the illness?
Scientists and Doctors have not figured out why you get Alzheimer’s.

Treatments

There are not any treatments for this disease. There are certain treatments for certain parts happening to your body. But they may not work. Scientists and Doctors have almost found the cure.

What can you do to prevent the disease?

The most you can prevent is 70-80%. You can also be active, have a good balanced diet, having good health, and exercising the brain.

Cures

There are no cures for this disease.

 

BRAIN CANCER

It is a disease of the brain. It is the growth of cells of the brain. A general tumor is less serious than a malignant tumor. Brain cancer can kill you if it’s bad. It can make you feel nauseous and sick. It hurts a lot. Brain cancer takes up a quarter of a brain. Brain cancer can have a wild variety of causes. Brain cancer can affect the brain cells.  It is when the process of living goes wrong in the brain that Brain Cancer occurs. Brain cancer is also called brain tumor. Symptoms may be caused when a tumor presses on a nerve.  Almost 200 people die a day. It turns much of your brain black.  Brain cancer is a Disease of the brain that can affect the growth of cells of in the brain.      By: Denyce & Caden

The students have been researching diseases and other ailments for Science. Here are a couple of pieces of their work.

Osteoporosis

By:Abigail+Caoimhe

Osteoporosis is most common to women. One out of two women gets osteoporosis. One out of eight men gets osteoporosis. Anybody can get this disease. The condition can be quite serious. Fractures can lead to pain, hospitalization, surgery and even death.

The risk of osteoporosis fractures can be reduced with lifestyle changes. Such as diets, exercise, and preventing falls.

When you get osteoporosis, falls, bending over, coughing, or even a sneeze can cause a fracture. Fractures are most common in the hip, wrist, and spine. When you get a fracture all the calcium and minerals escape and don’t usually return for a while. 

Osteoporosis occurs when the creation of the new bone doesn’t keep up with the removal of old bones.  It may also occur if you have parathyroid disease.  And the final way is if you have Turner Syndrome.

You can prevent osteoporosis by not smoking, and avoiding weight bearing exercises such as dancing, walking, and climbing stairs. You can also make sure you get enough calcium, vitamin D, and eating green leafy vegetables.

If you have osteoporosis and you are 5 years past menopause, have parathyroid disease, and if it is a women they can be given a Miacalcin injection.

Some medicines you could be given if you have osteoporosis:

Boniva: takes chances away from getting fractures in the hip  

Zoledronic Acid: prevention of getting osteoporosis

Porolia: also a prevention of getting osteoporosis (side effects: may lower blood level)

Alendroate (side effects may be: nausea, abdominal pain, inflamed esophagus but are less likely if medicine is taken properly

Risedronate same side effects apply

Ibandronate same side effects apply

                                                          Facts About Chickenpox

 

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease that can spread really easily. Another name for Chickenpox is Varicella. Chickenpox is very dangerous for people with immune system problems, and almost everyone gets it by their adulthood. Here are the stages of Chickenpox, first, you get some sort of sickness (i.e. Fever), a few days after that sickness, you get a rash that really itches, finally, the rash turns into red spots that spread across the body. More than 6 million doses of chickenpox have been given to people around the world. Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus. Chickenpox spreads through the air from person to person. It takes about 10-14 days to get all the symptoms of chickenpox. It’s a common virus for children. You know that you will get chickenpox once you get a sickness. 90% of the people in a household who don’t have Chickenpox will get it. Chickenpox can cause problems with newborns. The rash might be the first sign of illness.

             By: Hunter Bowman and Cameron Chokas

 

Ebola

By Andrew and Zach

Do you know what Ebola is?

Ebola is a hemorrhagic disease and affects the circulatory system. 

There are 4 different types of Ebola diseases

·         Bundibugyo disease

·         Sudan disease

·         Ta’I’ forest disease

·         Ebola disease

All these diseases are found in the same place which is Sudan and the Congo.

All of these diseases are hemorrhagic. The most common is Ebola. It travels through your blood.  When you get the disease, it blocks your body from fighting of the disease.   Men manly get the disease.  When you get to the hospital the therapists will check your blood because that is where the disease flows throw.  If you don’t get to the hospital you will die in months days or even hours.

The Ebola disease comes from mostly monkeys and other primates.  It spreads though close contact with the person. 

Some of the side effects are fever, headache, muscle aches, diarrhea and later on you get red eyes, vomiting, a rash and in and external bleeding.

No one knows what started the disease.

In 1995 Ebola hemorrhagic disease affected 300 people in Kikwit. Kikwit is also close to the Congo and 80% of the people died.  People call Ebola the nightmare disease.  Only 10 percent of the people who get Ebola survive..

Ebola is the most deadly disease.  It can only be stopped if there are no more hosts to feed on.  The disease is very painful

THERE IS NO CURE TO THE DISEASE

 

 

 

 

 

What Is Gravity?
By Rheya, Olivia and Jaylah

Gravity is a force that pulls toward the earth through your body or other objects. All planets have gravity. Heavier planets have more gravity. Gravity is what keeps the planets in orbit around the sun. Sir Isaac Newton thought that all gravity  was attracted to the center of the Earth.

What is your Brain Made Out Of?

The brain isn't made of muscles or bone. The brain is made of approximately 100 billion nerve cells. A nerve cell has a bulb like body that is attached to a longer nerve fiber. Neurons share the same characteristics and have the same make up as other cells.

How Do People Get Cancer?
By Caden, Kaydn, Keeshan, Hunter

There are more than 200 ways to get cancer. Smoking is among the most common ways. Cancer can be anywhere in your body because their are different types of cancer. Brain cancer can hurt or make you nauseous. Often the brain , lungs or other organs with cancer turn black.

What Makes Tornadoes Form?
By Mia, Dora, Alisha, Adrian M.

A tornado is made out of wind and water. First it starts out as a huge and powerful storm with lots of gusts of wind. Thunderstorms are a part of a tornado. It is from air rising and twisting. Think of it as a spinning top. If it doesn't spin fast enough it won't work. As the air twists faster and faster a funnel cloud forms and begins to sink towards the Earth. Many tornadoes occur in the American Midwest in a place known as Tornado Alley. In Canada many occur in Ontario every year.